gamma function
A meromorphic function which generalizes the notion of factorial to complex numbers and has singularities at the nonpositive integers; any of certain generalizations or analogues of said function, such as extend the factorial to domains other than the complex numbers.
Noun
- A meromorphic function which generalizes the notion of factorial to complex numbers and has singularities at the nonpositive integers; any of certain generalizations or analogues of said function, such as extend the factorial to domains other than the complex numbers.
- Chapter 3 deals with the p-adic gamma function. - 1987, Kit Ming Yeung, Applications of p-adic gamma function to congruences of binomial coefficients, University of California, San Diego, page 3:
- 2002, M. Aslam Chaudhry, Syed M. Zubair, On a Class of Incomplete Gamma Functions with Applications, Chapman & Hall / CRC Press, page 2, In particular, the exponential, circular, and hyperbolic functions are rational...
- We select one mathematical object, the gamma function, and show how it grew in concept and in content from the time of Euler to the recent mathematical treatise of Bourbaki, and how, in this growth, it partook of the...
Origin
The function itself was initially defined as an integral (in modern representation, Γ(x)=∫₀ ᪲e⁻ᵗtˣ⁻¹dt) for positive real x by Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler in 1730. The name derives from the notation, Γ(x), which was introduced by Adrien-Marie Legendre (1752—1833) (he referred to it, however, as the Eulerian integral of the second kind). Both Euler's integral and Legendre's notation shift the argument with respect to the factorial, so that for integer n>0, Γ(n) = (n−1)!. Carl Friedrich Gauss preferred π(x), with no shift, but Legendre's notation prevailed. Generalisation to non-integer negative and to complex numbers was achieved by analytic continuation.
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digamma function incomplete gamma function polygamma function trigamma function